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Whilst attempting to solder in replacement wires for my solder bed, somehow I've managed to remove the solder pads of my thermistor (for the lack of a better name) as you can see in within the pink circle in the attached image.

Is there a way to repair this or does it mean buying a new heatbed?

Many Thanks

You can connect one or both thermistor wires directly to the thermistor leads instead, which is all those bed pads/traces were doing for you.

Just make sure you do a good tape job when you're done, so that there are no mechanical forces applied to the thermistor leads. They're really fragile. If they break too close to the bulb, then you need a new thermistor.

I would solder the thermistor wire and the lead to the same pad, so that it still can act as a strain relief. Alternatively, there are methods using copper foil and solder or conductive epoxies to replace or repair pads, however I don't advise you try that until you need to order a new heated bed anyways, as it is rather complicated and finicky, especially the first few times.

If you think you are not going to repair it if it breaks down again, I might also epoxy over the solder joints (non conductive ones here), to give better strain relief than tape, but it makes further repairs much harder.